METHOD FOR CARRYING BOXES FOR PACKING AND APPLIANCE FOR DRIVING THE METHOD

专利摘要:
method for making boxes for packaging and apparatus for driving the method. the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for making cartons for packaging. the method comprises the following steps: feeding a cardboard strip (2) to the packaging along an advance direction (a), which is parallel to the direction of development of the cardboard strip (2); make a first counting line (11) and a second counting line (12) on the cardboard strip (2), as well as: identifying a central sector; a first lateral sector (4); and a second lateral sector (5); identify regions of band (8) on the package (2); make in each band region (8) at least a first cut (21), a second cut (22), a third cut (23) and a fourth cut (24) made transversely so that: a first flap of closure (49), a first reinforcement flap (51), a second reinforcement flap (52), a second closure flap (50), a third reinforcement flap (53) and a fourth reinforcement flap (54) are identified ; cut the cardboard strip (2) crosswise, in order to separate the regions of the strip (8) from one another, thus obtaining boxes (1) for packaging.
公开号:BR112015004533B1
申请号:R112015004533-2
申请日:2013-08-28
公开日:2020-09-29
发明作者:Giuseppe Ponti
申请人:F.L. AUTO S.r.L；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical sector related to the packaging of objects, such as books, DVD packaging, reams of paper and the like. In particular, the invention relates to a method for making boxes for packaging and an apparatus for driving the method. DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE
[0002] Currently, an object shipping company has to regularly purchase boxes to pack the objects to be shipped, and have stores sized to stock large quantities of boxes for packaging. This complicates logistics, and requires the use of stores of notable dimensions.
[0003] FR2411700 describes a machine for making cut and compressed blanks in order to obtain the packaging box. The compression tools and cutting tools, like the corresponding counterparts, are restricted with different angular positions in the same tool holder that rotates around an axis and is supported by a device capable of oscillating it to subsequently support the tools facing the respective tool holders.
[0004] GB1083889 discloses a blank box forming machine which comprises a tool for sliding a blanket transversely inward from its two lateral edges and creasing the blanket transversely along the line of the slots comprises an alternative vertical enclosure with two spring-mounted crease bars and grooves attached to the frame and located between the bars. The grooves consist of several separate blades, each with a toothed slanted cutting edge. The machine can also include a knife to cut a blanket to the required length. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to obviate the above mentioned drawbacks.
[0006] The above objective is obtained by means of a method for packaging objects according to claim 1, and an apparatus for packaging objects according to claim 8.
[0007] With the present invention, packaging boxes can be made directly at the workplace, using, for example, cardboard reels for packaging from which the cardboard strip can be rolled out to obtain large quantities of packaging. packing boxes. The space required to activate the method and to store the coils was seen to be less than the space required for the storage of, in the state of the art, packaging boxes produced in another location; in addition, and with advantage, logistics are simplified and the unit cost for each packaging box is significantly reduced, as the boxes can now be produced in-house at the shipping company.
[0008] According to claim 2, packaging boxes can be made to measure for the objects to be shipped; the boxes can have different dimensions and types.
[0009] In the known technique, however, shipping companies also had to have packaging boxes available in different sizes, in order to adapt the dimensions of the objects to be shipped. As an object to be shipped can be of various sizes, the operator had to choose, for the object, the most appropriate boxes in terms of dimensions; the packaging box was then manipulated to assume a box shape and the object inserted in the box thus formed, together with filler material (for example, polystyrene) which absorbed any impacts to the object during transport. These operations were expensive in terms of time and material used; in fact, the measurements of the packaging boxes were almost never ideal, but they were higher than those of a packaging box made to measure for the object to be shipped; in addition, the larger dimensions of the packaging box in relation to the object to be shipped, have to be compensated for with the use of filling material, in order to occupy the empty spaces between the object and the box that contains it. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] The specific modalities of the invention will be described in the next part of the present description, according to what is defined in the claims and with the aid of tables in the attached drawings, in which: - Figure 1 is a perspective view, in small scale, which illustrates a system for packaging objects in an automated way, in which the system comprises the apparatus of the invention; - Figure 2 is a perspective view of a part of the apparatus of figure 1, denoted by the reference J1 in figure 1; Figures 3A, 3B, 3C are front views of a unit comprising an incision and cutting wheels and illustrated in figure 2, respectively, during an operating step, an adjustment step and a following operating step; Figures 4, 5, 6 are, respectively, seen on a larger scale of details K1, K2, K3 of figure 3A; - Figures 7A, 7B are seen from the first cutting medium illustrated in figure 2, for two successive moments, in order to show a step of adjustment of the related scissors; - Figure 8 is a larger scale view of section VIII-VIII of figure 7A, which shows two different positions taken by the cutting unit's scissors, one seen on a continuous line and the other shown on a broken line; - Figures 9A, 9B are seen from section IX-IX of figure 8 showing the positions mentioned above assumed by the scissors; - Figures 10A, 10B are seen from above of the second cutting means, which are a part of the apparatus of figure 1, denoted with the reference J2 in figure 1, in which the figures show two significant successive moments; Figure 11 is a large-scale view of the section XI-XI of figure 10A; - Figure 12A is a perspective view of a packaging box obtained with the apparatus of Figure 1, that the packaging box is denoted with the reference J3 in figure 1; Figure 12B is a larger scale view of detail K4 of figure 12A; Figure 12C is a perspective view of a first step of folding a first carton for packaging; - Figure 13A is a perspective view that illustrates the release of a first object resting on the first packaging box after the first folding step has been completed; Figure 13B is a perspective view illustrating the release of a second object to rest on a second packaging box, also obtained with the apparatus of the present invention, after the first folding step has been completed; - Figure 14 is a perspective view illustrating the release of a document to rest on the upper side of the first object after a second step of folding the first packaging box has been completed; Figure 15 is a perspective view illustrating the application of glue over a portion of the first packaging box after a third step of folding the first packaging box has been completed; Figure 16 is a perspective view illustrating a fourth step of folding the first packaging box to obtain a seal package containing the first object; - Figure 17A is a perspective view showing the box after the fourth folding step has been completed, and showing the application of a label; - Figure 17B is a view similar to that of figure 17A, which differs in that the package contains the second object in figure 13B, and was obtained using the second packaging box in figure 13B; - Figure 18 is a view in the same way as in figure 2, but illustrating a variant of the first cutting device of the apparatus of figure 1. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0011] The method for making boxes (1) for packaging comprises, in its essential aspects, the steps of: a) feeding a cardboard strip (2) for packaging along a forward direction (A), which it is parallel to the direction of development of the cardboard strip (2) (figure 1); b) make a first incision line (11) and a second incision line (12) on the cardboard strip (2) (figures 2, 3A to 3B), such that the first incision line (11) and the second incision line (12) are parallel to the direction of development, and the following are identified: a central sector (3) between the first incision line (11) and the second incision line (12); a first lateral sector (4) comprised between the first incision line (11) and a first lateral end (6) of the cardboard strip (2); and a second lateral sector (5) comprised between the second incision line (12) and a second lateral end (7) of the cardboard strip (2), which is opposite the first lateral end (6); c) identify regions of band (8) in the cardboard band (2) (in the following description referred to as regions) that are consecutive to one another (figure 2); d) make in each band region (8), at least a first cut (21), a second cut (22), a third cut (23) and a fourth cut (24) made in a direction transversal to the development direction of the cardboard band (2), such that: the first cut (21) and the second cut (22) are made in the first lateral sector (4) and extend to the first incision line (11), in such that a first closing flap (49), a first reinforcing flap (51) and a second reinforcing flap (52) are defined in the first side sector (4), the first closing flap (49) being interposed between the first reinforcement flap (51) and the second reinforcement flap (52); the third cut (23) and the fourth cut (24) are made in the second side sector (5) and extend to the second incision line (12), such that a second closing flap (50), a third reinforcement flap (53) and fourth reinforcement flap (54) are defined in the second side sector (5), the second closing flap (50) being interposed between the third reinforcement flap (53) and the fourth flap reinforcement (54); the first closing flap (49) is opposite the second closing flap (50), the first reinforcing ring (51) is opposite the third reinforcing flap (53), the second reinforcing flap (52) is opposite the fourth reinforcement tab (54); e) cut (figures 10A, 10B, 11) the cardboard strip (2) transversely, such as to separate the above-mentioned strip regions (8) from one another, thus obtaining boxes (1) for packaging.
[0012] The above steps are performed on the box band (2) so that each box (1) for packaging obtained in this way has the following requirements: when an object (9) to be packed is resting on the central sector (3 ), between the first closing flap (49) and the second closing flap (50) (figures 13A, 13B), then: f) first closing flap (49) is foldable to the central sector (3) so to involve at least a first flank of the object (9); the second closing flap (50) is foldable to the central sector (3) so as to involve at least a second flank (42) of the object (9), which is opposite to the first relative flank (41) (figures 13A , 13B); the first reinforcement flap (51) and the third reinforcement flap (53) are foldable for the central sector (3), preferably so as to at least partially overlap the first reinforcement flap (51) ), the third reinforcement flap (53) and a first portion (101) of the central sector (3), in which the first reinforcement flap (51) and the third reinforcement flap (52) overlap to form a first group overlapping (17) that can be folded so as to involve at least a third flank (43) of the object (9) (the third flank (43) of the object (9) is between the first relative flank (41) and second flank (42)); the second reinforcement flap (52) and the fourth reinforcement flap (54) are foldable to the central sector (3), preferably to mutually overlap, at least partially, the second reinforcement flap (52), the fourth flap reinforcement (54) and a second portion (102) of the central sector (3), in which the second reinforcement flap (52) and the fourth reinforcement flap (52) are superimposed to form a second overlapping group (18) which can be folded so as to involve less than a quarter of the flank (44) of the object (9), which is opposite the third relative flank (43).
[0013] The first incision line (11) and the second incision line (12) function as corresponding hinge axes with respect to which the first reinforcement flap (51), the first closing flap (49), the second reinforcement flap (52), third reinforcement flap (53), second closure flap (50) and fourth reinforcement flap (54) can be rotated.
[0014] The first overlap group (17) and the second overlap group (18), on the other hand, do not rotate around any incision line; this requires the selection of a cardboard strip (2) having a material structure suitable for obtaining, in any case, an easy folding of the first overlapping group (17) and the second overlapping group (18), respectively, against the third flank (43) and the fourth flank (44) of the object (9) resting on the central sector (3). With regard to the structure of the cardboard strip (2), it preferably consists of a first sheet (29) having a planar development, and a second sheet (30) having a corrugated development; the second sheet (30) is attached to the first sheet (29), see figure 12B. The cardboard strip (2) thus obtained, advantageously, has good flexibility and folding characteristics, and can also be wound on a reel (19) (figure 1); the cardboard strip (2) having the structure described above can be made of a material generally available on the market.
[0015] Furthermore, the card strip (2) can preferably be fed with the second sheet (30) oriented upwards; in this way, when the object (9) to be packed is released to the central sector (3), the object (9) comes into contact with the second sheet (30); as will become clear below, that is, so that the package obtained by folding the packaging box (1) presents only the first sheet (29) (figures 17A, 17B) externally, which gives the box itself a greater degree of box stiffness and resistance to impacts or cuts.
[0016] The steps of the method described above are preferably carried out in the order of a) to e); however, the steps can be performed in a different order, for example, a), c), d), b), e).
[0017] The positions of the first fold line (11) and the second fold line (12) are preferably chosen so as to be symmetrical with respect to the axis of the box band (2). As a consequence, the first lateral sector (4) is identical to that of the second lateral sector (5).
[0018] Furthermore, preferably, the first cut (21) is aligned with the third cut (23), and the second cut (22) is aligned with the fourth cut (24). Therefore, the following occurs: the first reinforcement flap (51) and the third reinforcement flap (53) are identical to each other, and arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the box band (2), the second reinforcement flap (52) and the fourth reinforcement tab (54) are identical to each other, and arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the box band (2); the first closing flap (49) and the second closing flap (50) are identical to each other and arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the box band (2).
[0019] The extensions of the first lateral sector (4) and the second lateral sector (5), measured perpendicular to the direction of development, are each preferably between 50% and 100% (figure 13A) of the corresponding extension of the central sector (3); in this way, it is ensured that the first reinforcement flap (51) and the third reinforcement flap (53) overlap, at least partially over one another. Therefore, the first overlapping group (17) and the second overlapping group (18) will be advantageously characterized by at least two layers of cardboard (up to a maximum of three layers of cardboard), each, respectively, to protect the third flank (43) and the fourth flank (44) of the object (9) to be packed.
[0020] From the above, it is clear that it is possible to "adjust" the degree of overlap between the first reinforcement flap (51) and the third reinforcement flap (53), and between the second reinforcement flap (52) and the fourth reinforcement wing (54) according to the type of object (9) to be packed (for example, a fragile object (9) can be packed with the maximum possible number of cardboard layers.
[0021] Each strip region (8) has a development, preferably measured in a direction perpendicular to the development direction, which is equal to the width of the cardboard strip (2).
[0022] Preferably, in each band region (8), the first cut (21), the second cut (22), the third cut (23) and the fourth cut (24) each cause the elimination of a strip corresponding material from the same web region (8), so that a first window (31), a second window (32), a third window (33) and a fourth window (34) are identified respectively; each of the windows preferably forms a rectangular opening.
[0023] The fact that the cuts made in each band region (8) define corresponding windows is very advantageous, as will be explained more fully below.
[0024] A first folding strip (61) is defined in the central sector (3), having a length, measured perpendicular to the direction of development, which is equal to the width of the central sector (3) and a width, measured parallel to the direction development, which is equal to the width of the first window (31) and the third window (33); this first folding strip (61) borders the first overlapping group (17) and equivalently represents a transverse incision line, for the first overlapping group (17), which rotates over the first folding strip (61) ( figure 14), when it is folded against the third flank (43) of the object (9) resting on the central sector (3). The first overlapping group (17) rotates easily around the first folding strip (61), since it is formed by a single layer of cardboard, differently for the first overlapping group (17) that has at least two cardboard layers (the first layer is formed by the central sector (3) and a second layer is formed by the first reinforcement flap (51) or the third reinforcement flap (53)).
[0025] In addition, a second folding strip (62) is defined in the central sector (3), having a length, measured perpendicular to the direction of development, which is equal to the width of the central sector (3) and a width, measured parallel to the direction of development, which is equal to the width of the second window (32) and the fourth window (34); this second folding strip (62) borders the second overlapping group (18) and equivalently represents a transverse incision line for the second overlapping group (18), which rotates around the second folding strip (62) (figure 14), when it is folded against the fourth flank (44) of the object (9) resting on the central sector (3). The second overlapping group (18) rotates easily around the second folding strip (62), since it is formed by a single layer of cardboard, differently for the second overlapping group (18) which has at least two cardboard layers (the first layer is formed by the central sector (3) and a second layer is formed by the second reinforcement flap (51) or the fourth reinforcement flap (54)).
[0026] The cardboard packaging (1) is designed according to the object (9) to be packed with the objective of preferably forming a containment envelope of the object (9) itself; for this reason, the packaging box (1) must cover not only the bottom and flanks of the object (9), but preferably also the upper side of the object (9) by means of at least one layer of box (1). To obtain the cover on the upper side of the object (9), the packaging box (1) can be dimensioned so that a first condition and / or a second condition, described below, can be satisfied. The first condition is that the first overlapping group (17) and the second overlapping group (18) are dimensioned to respectively surround the third flank (43) and a first part of the upper side of the object (9), and the fourth flank (44) and a second part on the upper side of the object (9) to the point where the first overlapping group (17) and the second overlapping group (18) partially overlap each other on the upper side of the object ( 9). The first part of the upper side of the object (9) and the second part of the upper side of the object (9) partially overlap each other, and together they totally involve the upper side of the object (9). The second condition is that the first closing flap (49) and the second closing flap (50) are dimensioned so that they respectively surround the first flank (41) and a third part of the upper side of the object (9), and the second flank (42) and a fourth part of the upper side of the object (9) to the point where the first closing flap (49) and the second closing flap (50) partially overlap each other on the upper side of the object (9). The third part of the upper side of the object (9) and the fourth part of the upper side of the object (9) partially overlap each other and together they totally involve the upper side of the object.
[0027] The packaging box (1) illustrated in the figures (figures 13, 14) clearly shows that both the first and the second condition have been met: thus, the upper side of the object (9) is completely covered at each point of the same with at least two layers of cardboard.
[0028] Figure 14 illustrates a step in which a document (65) (for example, an invoice) is inserted resting on an upper side of the object (9), before the packaging is completed.
[0029] The sealing sequence of the packaging box (1) for the purpose of forming a wrapper containing the object (9) can be carried out in a substantially known manner, applying a layer of glue over a suitable portion of the packaging box (1), as shown in figure 15.
[0030] Figure 16 shows the folding of the second overlap group (18) against the first overlap group (17) in order to seal and close the enclosure.
[0031] Figure 17A illustrates the step of applying a label (66) to the wrapper.
[0032] In its essential aspects, the apparatus (10) for making boxes (1) for packaging, which activates the method described above, comprises: means of supply to feed a cardboard strip (2); incision means for making a first incision line (11) and a second incision line (12) on the cardboard strip (2); identification means to identify web regions (8) in the cardboard web (2); primary cutting means for making, in each web region (8), at least a first cut (21), a second cut (22), a third cut (23) and a fourth cut (24); secondary cutting means for cutting the cardboard strip (2) transversely and separating the regions of strip (8) from each other, thus obtaining boxes (1) for packaging.
[0033] The feeding means may comprise an electric motor (not shown) that activates the coil (19) from which the cardboard strip (2) unfolds.
[0034] The incision means preferably comprise: a first axis (70) disposed over the advancing cardboard strip (2); a first incision wheel (71) supported by the first axis (70), wherein the first incision wheel (71) is rotatable with respect to an axis thereof, such as for making the first incision wheel (11); a second incision wheel (72) supported by the first axis (70), wherein the second incision wheel (72) is rotatable with respect to an axis thereof, such as for making the second incision line (12).
[0035] The first axis (70) can be limited to the frame (67) of the device (10).
[0036] The incision means may further comprise: a first support (81) which is limited to the first axis (70) and which in turn supports the first incision wheel (71); a second support (82) which is limited to the first axis (70), and which in turn supports the second incision wheel (72).
[0037] The first incision wheel (71) and the second incision wheel (72) are preferably chosen in a rotating manner by actuators (not shown).
[0038] The incision means preferably occupy a fixed position of an apparatus for supplying the cardboard strip (2) (figures 1, 2). This means that the first axis (70) does not translate along the direction of development of the cardboard strip (2); thus, the first incision wheel (71) and the second incision wheel (72) make the first incision line (11) and the second incision line (12), thanks to the advancement of the underlying cardboard band (2).
[0039] The means for identifying the regions of the web (8) on the cardboard web (2) can be the device control unit (10), not shown. The control unit can establish the dimensions of each band region (8), based on the dimensions of the object (9) to be packed; additionally, the control unit can regulate the activation of the coil (19) and therefore, at any time, it can return to each band region (8).
[0040] The first cutting means are preferably arranged downstream of the incision means (figures 1, 2).
[0041] The first cutting means comprise preferably: a first scissors (91) and a second scissors (92) that act on the first lateral end (6) of the cardboard strip, in order to make, in each region of the strip ( 8), respectively the first cut (21) and the second cut (22); a third scissors (93) and a fourth scissors (94) that act on the second side end (7) of the cardboard strip (2), in order to make, respectively, the third cut (23) and the fourth cut (24 ) over each band region (8).
[0042] The first scissors (91), the second scissors (92), the third scissors (93) and the fourth scissors (94) are preferably simultaneously activated in order to act on the cardboard strip (2); preferably, the cardboard strip (2) is interrupted for the time necessary for the first scissors (91), the second scissors (92), the third scissors (93) and the fourth scissors (94) to make the first cut, respectively (21), the second cut (22), the third cut (23) and the fourth cut (24). After each scissors has disengaged from the cardboard strip (2), the strip (2) is activated again to advance.
[0043] The first scissors (91), the second scissors (92), the third scissors (93) and the fourth scissors (94) are preferably: identical to each other, and each shaped to remove a strip of corresponding material from each strip region (8) of the cardboard strip (2), leaving the windows defined above identified with reference to the method. Therefore, each first cut (21) produced by the first scissors (91) defines the first window (31) of a corresponding region of the band (8), each second cut (22) produced by the second scissors (92) defines the second window ( 32) of a corresponding region of the band (8), each third cut (23) produced by the third scissors (93) defines the third window (33) of a corresponding region of the band (8), and each fourth cut (24) produced by the fourth scissors (94) it defines the fourth window (34) of a corresponding region of the band (8).
[0044] Figures 8, 9A, 9B illustrate a possible conformation and operation of one of the aforementioned scissors, in the case of the fourth scissors (94): the fourth scissors (94) has an upper blade and a lower counter blade, which are articulated to each other. The cutting edge profile of the upper blade is preferably U-shaped, so as to remove, as mentioned, a strip of material from the cardboard strip (2), and leaves the fourth window (34) identified in a band region (8).
[0045] The second cutting means (39) are preferably arranged downstream of the first cutting means and, as mentioned, they act to carry out a cross-section in the cardboard strip (2) in order to separate the strip regions (8 ) from each other and obtain the corresponding packaging boxes (1).
[0046] With reference to figure 18, a description of a device variant follows. The means for feeding the cardboard strip (2) are means for feeding stages. In addition, the first cutting means include: a first guillotine (121), which acts vertically on the first lateral sector (4) of each band region (8), in order to make a plurality of cuts (21, 22, 25, 27) in sync with the step of advancing the cardboard strip (2), a second guillotine acting vertically on the second side sector (5) of each strip region (8), in order to make a plurality of cuts (23 , 24, 25, 28) in sync with the step of advancing the cardboard strip (2)
[0047] In detail, the first guillotine (121) makes the first cut (21) and the second cut (22), while the second guillotine (122) makes the third cut (23) and the fourth cut (24).
[0048] The first guillotine (121) and the second guillotine (122) are preferably aligned with each other and act vertically in each strip region (8) of the cardboard strip (2) when the strip is stationary, in order to making the second cut (22) and the fourth cut (24) and, successively, to make the first cut (21) and the third cut (23).
[0049] The first guillotine (121) and the second guillotine (122), preferably act simultaneously.
[0050] The first guillotine (121) and the second guillotine (122) are preferably identical to each other, and each shaped to remove a corresponding strip of material from each strip region (8) of the cardboard strip ( 2), leaving the windows identified above with reference to the method. Therefore, each first cut (21) produced by the first guillotine (121) defines the first window (31) of a corresponding region of the band (8), each second cut (22) produced by the first guillotine (121) defines the second window ( 32) of a corresponding region of the band (8), each third cut (23) produced by the second guillotine (122) defines the third window (33) of a corresponding region of the band (8), and each fourth cut (24) produced the second guillotine (122) defines the fourth window (34) of a corresponding region of the band (8). See figure 12A.
[0051] The first guillotine (121) and the second guillotine (122) can comprise an upper blade (123) that is vertically movable, and a lower blade (124) that is fixed. The cutting edge profile of the upper blade (123) of the first guillotine (121) is preferably U-shaped, in order to remove, as mentioned, a strip of material from the cardboard strip (2), and leave the third window (33) or the fourth window (34) identified in a region of a band (8). The cutting edge profile of the upper blade (123) of the second guillotine (122) is preferably U-shaped, in order to remove a strip of material from the cardboard strip (2) and leave the third window ( 33) or the fourth window (34) identified in the region of a band (8).
[0052] The method preferably also comprises steps of selectively regulating, according to the dimensions of the object (9) to be packaged: the position of the first incision line (11); and / or the position of the second incision line (12); and / or the extensions of each strip region (8), measured in a direction parallel to the extension direction, and, consequently, the positions in which they cut the cardboard strip (2) transversally to separate the strip regions (8) one another; and / or the position of the first cut (21), the second cut (22), the third cut (23) and the fourth cut (24) within each band region (8).
[0053] These adjustments allow a greater advantage, which establishes the number of cardboard layers that will surround the third flank (43), the fourth side (44) and the upper side of the object (9) to be packed.
[0054] It is preferable to adjust the positions of the first incision line (11) and / or the second incision line (12): that the first axis (70), which, as specified, is supported by the frame (67) of the apparatus (10), it is movable in particular closely and distantly with respect to the advancing cardboard band (2); and that the positions of the first incision wheel (71) and the second incision line (72) are adjustable along the first axis (70).
[0055] Therefore, the first axis (70) can be supported by the frame (67) with a degree of freedom that allows it to approach and move away from, and from the cardboard band advancing (2) in a vertical direction . In the example illustrated in the figures (see figure 2), the ends of the first axis (70) are wrapped in vertical guides formed in the corresponding elements of the frame (67) of the apparatus (10).
[0056] The first support (81) and the second support (82) can therefore be presences capable of sliding along the first axis (70) (which functions as a sliding guide) so that the first incision wheel (71) and the second incision wheel (72) can easily transfer along the first axis (70), allowing adjustment of the positions of the first incision line (11) and the second incision line (12) according to dimensions of the object (9) to be packed.
[0057] It is specified above that the band can be stopped temporarily, in order to make the first cut (21), the second cut (22), the third cut (23) and the fourth cut (24).
[0058] In a case where it is necessary to vary the positions of the first incision line (11) and the second incision line (12) during the transition from a first band region (R1) and a second successive region of band (R2) it is possible to transfer the first axis (70), the first incision wheel (71) and the second incision wheel (72), when the band is stationary. Thus, between the first strip region (R1) and the second strip region (R2) a wear strip (20) will be defined, having a length measured perpendicular to the direction of development, equal to the width of the cardboard strip (2) ; the discontinuity of the first incision line (11) and the second incision line (12) can be clearly recognized in this wear strip (20). If the adjustment of the first axis (70), the first incision wheel (71) and the second incision wheel (72) is made when the band is stationary, the width of the wear strip (20), measured parallel to the direction of development, will be minimal; alternatively, if these adjustments are made during the movement of the cardboard strip (2), the width will be greater and will depend on the speed of advancement of the strip.
[0059] To limit the dimensions of the wear strip (20) to be eliminated, it is preferable that the adjustments of the first axis (70), the first incision wheel (71) and the second incision wheel (72) occur when the cardboard band (2) is stationary. The fact that the wear strip (20) has a minimum width has an additional advantage: in fact, it is possible to eliminate the wear strip (20) using the second cutting means (39) (which will also separate the first region band (R1) and the second band region (R2)) with a single cutting operation, if the cutting edge of the blade of the second cutting means (39) is U-shaped (figure 11) and, as dimensions suitable for removing a strip of the cardboard strip (2) that has an area at least equal to the area of the wear strip (20) (figures 10A, 10B). The extent of each strip region (8) parallel to the development direction can instead be established by regulating the intervention time of the second cutting means (39), in order to cut the cardboard strip (2) transversely; for example, the lengthening of the regions of the band intervention time (8) will be obtained with a greater magnification.
[0060] To vary the position of the first cut (21), the second cut (22), the third cut (23) and the fourth cut (24) along the direction of development of the first scissors (91), the second scissors (92), the third scissors (93) and the fourth scissors (94) can be made mobile along the development direction; furthermore, to vary the depth (and therefore the extent) of these cuts (note that the cuts should preferably reach the first incision line (11) and the second incision line (12), which in turn are, therefore adjustable and mobile), scissors can also be made mobile in a direction perpendicular to the development direction.
[0061] The adjustment of the scissors positions can occur during the advance of the cardboard strip (2), that is, when they do not have to make a cut; in this case, when the cardboard strip (2) is interrupted, the scissors will only have to make the cuts.
[0062] Figures 7A, 7B show the movement of the first scissors (91), the second scissors (92), the third scissors (93) and the fourth scissors (94) in parallel and perpendicular directions to the direction of development in the hypothesis in that the cuts to be made on the second band region (R2) have to be in different positions of the cuts already made in the first band region (R1).
[0063] With reference to the device variant shown in figure 18, vary the position of the first cut (21), the second cut (22), the third cut (23) and the fourth cut (24) along the direction of development it is sufficient to modify the stop position of the cardboard strip (2), this is particularly advantageous, since you do not need to make the first guillotine (121) and the second guillotine (122) mobile in a direction parallel to the direction of development .
[0064] To vary the depth (and therefore the extent) of these cuts, the first guillotine (121) and the second guillotine (122) can be movable in a direction perpendicular to the direction of development.
[0065] The objects (9) to be packed may have known dimensions (length, width, height), or they can be identified by reading a label (66) or a code placed on the object itself (9); if the precise dimensions of the object (9) to be packaged are not known, it is possible to use, for example, systems for acquiring the dimensions of the objects (9), which comprise television cameras (40).
[0066] Figure 1 illustrates: a first conveyor (45) on which the objects (9) are arranged; and television cameras (40) arranged over the first conveyor (45), which acquire images of the object (9), in order to allow a suitable software program to obtain the dimensions of the object (9).
[0067] Once the dimensions of the object (9) are known, it is possible to mold a band region (8), and therefore a box for packaging (1), which has appropriate characteristics for the packaging of the object ( 9).
[0068] The possibility to modify, for each region of the band (8), the characteristics (positions of the first incision line (11), of the second incision line (12), cuts) and dimensions (measurement length parallel to the direction development) allows the packaging of objects (9) also having considerably different dimensions.
[0069] However, there are limits to the minimum and maximum dimensions of the objects (9) that can be packed, and the limits depend on the width of the cardboard strip (2).
[0070] For example, figure 13A illustrates a first object (9) that has a width measured perpendicular to the direction of development, which is the minimum allowed: in fact, the first reinforcement flap (851) and the third reinforcement flap (53) completely overlap each other and in the first portion (101) of the central sector (3), while the second reinforcement flap (52) and the fourth reinforcement flap (54) completely overlap each other and on the second portion (102) of the central sector (3). This means that the extensions of the first lateral sector (4) and the second lateral sector (5), measured perpendicular to the direction of development, each correspond to 100% for the extension of the central sector (3).
[0071] The method preferably comprises a step or steps of cutting a strip from the edge of the cardboard strip (2), which is located at the first side end (6) of the cardboard strip (2) and / or at the second end side (7) of the cardboard strip (2) as a function of the dimensions of the article (9) to be packed.
[0072] Therefore, for each region of the strip (8) it is possible to cut, if necessary: a strip of the edge located on the first lateral end (6) of the cardboard strip (2) or on the second lateral end (7) of the strip cardboard (2); or a first edge strip (46) located on the first side end (6) of the cardboard strip (2) and a second edge strip (47) located on the second side end (7) of the cardboard strip (2), preferably identical to each other, in order to be symmetrical in relation to the axis of the cardboard strip (2) (figure 2).
[0073] In other words, it is possible to dynamically vary the cardboard bandwidth (2) according to the dimensions of the object (9) to be packed; this is very advantageous in that it allows the packaging of an even greater variety of objects (9) having different dimensions from each other.
[0074] In order to cut and therefore eliminate the edge strip, the apparatus (10) preferably comprises a cutting wheel; the cutting wheel is preferably supported by the first axis (70), can rotate with respect to the axis of the same, and forms a circular cutting edge. The apparatus (10) may comprise a support for the cutting wheel, which can slide along the first axis (70) and which supports the cutting wheel so that it is possible to adjust the width, measured perpendicular to the direction of development of the strip edge to be cut.
[0075] The position of the cutting wheel along the first axis (70) can be preferably adjusted, when the cardboard band for cutting operations; in this case, the first axis (70) moves away from the cardboard strip (2) (i.e., it increases), and the support for the cutting wheel can slide to bring the cutting wheel to a new position.
[0076] The figures illustrate a first cutting wheel (68) and a second cutting wheel (69), respectively, for cutting the first edge strip (46) and the second edge strip (47); the first cutting wheel (68) is taken to a third support (83), which can slide along the first axis (70), while the second cutting wheel (69) is supported by a fourth support (84), which it can slide along the first axis (70).
[0077] The first edge strip (46) is therefore cut longitudinally by the first cutting wheel (68) in a direction parallel to the direction of development, at the same time that it is cut transversely by the second cutting means (39 ) that permanently remove it from the cardboard band (2). Likewise, the second edge strip (47) is cut longitudinally by the second cutting wheel (69) in a direction parallel to the direction of development, at the same time that it is cut transversely by the second cutting means (39) that the permanently remove from the cardboard band (2).
[0078] The method preferably comprises in which each region of band (8) to follow is still made: a fifth cut (25) made in a direction transversal to the direction of extension of the cardboard band (2), such as to divide the first reinforcement flap (51) into two parts, that is, a fifth reinforcement flap (55) and a sixth reinforcement flap (56); a sixth cut (26) made in a direction transversal to the direction of extension of the cardboard strip (2), in such a way as to divide the third reinforcement flap (53) into two parts, that is, a seventh reinforcement flap (57) ) and an eighth reinforcement tab (58); the fifth reinforcement flap (55) being opposite the seventh reinforcement flap (57), and the sixth reinforcement flap (56) being opposite to the eighth reinforcement flap (58); the positions of the fifth cut (25) and the sixth cut (26) being selected in such a way that the extensions of the sixth reinforcement flap (56) and the eighth reinforcement flap (58), measured along the extension direction, are in relation to the height of a third flank (43) of an object (9) to be packed, which is supported on the central sector (3), between the first closing flap (49) and the second closing flap (50) , the third flank (43) being exposed for the treatment of the central sector (3) for which, by the first incision line (11) and the second incision line (50), the fifth reinforcement flap (55) is articulated , the sixth reinforcement flap (56), the seventh reinforcement flap (57) and the eighth reinforcement flap (58).
[0079] The fifth cut (25) is preferably aligned with the sixth cut (26).
[0080] The extensions of the sixth reinforcement flap (56) and the eighth reinforcement flap (58), measured along the development direction, are greater than or equal to (preferably equal to) the height of the third flank (43) of the object (9) to be packed.
[0081] The first overlapping group (17), therefore, comprises: a first group (77) formed by the fifth reinforcement tab (55) and the seventh reinforcement tab (57) superimposed on each other and by the portion of central sector (3) for which the fifth reinforcement flap (55) and the seventh reinforcement flap (57) overlap; and a second group (78) formed by the sixth reinforcement flap (56) and the eighth reinforcement flap (58) superimposed on each other and by the central sector portion (3) so that the sixth reinforcement flap (56) and the eighth reinforcement wing (58) is superimposed.
[0082] The fifth cut (25) and the sixth cut (26) facilitate the folding of the first overlapping group (17) in order to involve the third flank (43) and the first part of the upper side of the object (9), which rests on the central sector (3); in particular, the second group (78) is arranged at an angle, preferably 90 °, in relation to the central sector portion (3) on which the object (9) rests, and the first group (77) is arranged at an angle, preferably 90 °, to the second group (78) in order to cover the first part of the upper side of the object (9).
[0083] In each band region (8), the fifth cut (25) and the sixth cut (26), preferably eliminate a corresponding strip of material from the same band region (8), so that a fifth window (35) and a sixth of window (36) are identified; both the fifth window (35) and the sixth window (36) form a corresponding rectangular opening.
[0084] As a consequence, on the central sector (3) between the first group (77) and the second group (78) a third folding strip (63) is defined that has a length measured perpendicular to the direction of development, which is equal to the width of the central sector (3), and a width measured parallel to the direction of development, which is equal to the width of the fifth window (35) and the sixth window (36); the third folding strip (63) is interposed between the first group (77) and the second group (78), constituting an incision line equivalent to the first group (77), which rotates in relation to the second group (78) (figures 15, 16), when the first overlapping group (17) is folded against the third flank (43) and the first part of the upper side of the object (9). The first group (77) rotates easily in relation to the second group (78), as the third folding strip (63) separating the first group (77) from the second group (78) is formed by a single layer of cardboard, differently to the first group (77) and the second group (78), which each have at least two layers of cardboard.
[0085] To form the fifth cut (25) (which may be in the form of the fifth window (35)), the first cutting means preferably comprise a fifth scissors (95) which acts on the side of the first lateral end (6) the cardboard band (2), which is flanked by the first scissors (91); preferably, in order to form the sixth cut (26) (which may be in the form of the sixth window (36)), the first cutting means comprise a sixth scissor (96) which acts on the side of the second lateral end (7 ) of the cardboard strip (2) and which is flanked to the third scissors (93).
[0086] The fifth scissors (95) and the sixth scissors (96) can have the same characteristics and functionality as the first scissors (91), the second scissors (92), the third scissors (93) and the fourth scissors (94) ) already discussed in the above.
[0087] In a variant of the device, illustrated in figure 18, to form the fifth cut (25) (which can take the shape of the fifth window (35)) and the sixth cut (26) (which can take the shape of the sixth window (36)), it is possible to use the first guillotine (121) and the second guillotine (122), respectively.
[0088] The method preferably comprises in which each strip region (8) a seventh cut (27) made transversely to the direction of extension of the cardboard strip (2) in such a way as to divide the second reinforcement flap ( 52) in two parts, that is, a ninth reinforcement flap (59) and a tenth reinforcement flap (60); an eighth of cut (28) made in a direction transversal to the direction of extension of the cardboard strip (2) in such a way as to divide the fourth reinforcement flap (54) in two parts, that is, an eleventh reinforcement flap ( 99) and a twelfth reinforcement tab (100); the ninth reinforcement flap (59) being opposite the eleventh flap (99) and the tenth reinforcement flap (60) being opposite to the twelfth reinforcement flap (100); the positions of the seventh cut (27) and the eighth cut (28) being selected in such a way that the extensions of the ninth reinforcement flap (59) and the eleventh reinforcement flap (99), measured along the development direction, are in relation to the height of a fourth flank (44) of an article (9) being packaged, which is supported on the central sector (3), between the first closing flap (49) and the second closing flap (50 ), the fourth flank (44) being exposed for the treatment of the central sector (3) for which, by the first incision line (11) and the second incision line (12), the ninth reinforcement flap (59) is articulated ), the tenth reinforcement flap (60), the eleventh reinforcement flap (99) and the twelfth reinforcement flap (100).
[0089] The seventh cut (27) is preferably aligned with the eighth cut (28).
[0090] The extensions of the ninth reinforcement flap (59) and eleventh reinforcement flap (99), measured along the development direction, are preferably greater than or equal to (preferably equal to) the height the fourth flank (44) of the object (9) to be packed.
[0091] The second overlap group (18), therefore, comprises: a third group (79) formed by the tenth reinforcement flap (60) and the tenth reinforcement flap (60), and the twelfth reinforcement flap ( 100) superimposed on each other, and by the central sector portion (3) in which the tenth reinforcement flap (60) and the twelfth reinforcement flap (100) overlap; and a fourth group (80) formed by the ninth reinforcement flap (59) and the eleventh reinforcement flap (99) superimposed on each other and by the central sector portion (3), in which the ninth reinforcement flap (59) ) and the eleventh reinforcement tab (99) overlap.
[0092] The seventh cut (27) and the eighth cut (28) facilitate the folding of the second overlapping group (18) in order to involve the fourth flank (44) and the second part on the upper side of the object (9), which rests on the central sector (3); in particular, the fourth group (80) is arranged at an angle, preferably 90 °, with respect to the central sector portion (3) on which the object (9) is at rest, and the third group (7) is arranged at an angle, preferably 90 °, to the fourth group (80) so as to cover the second part of the upper side of the object (9).
[0093] The seventh cut (27) and the eighth cut (28) preferably cause, in each region of the web (8), an elimination of a strip of corresponding material from the same web region (8), so that , respectively, a seventh window (37) and an eighth window (38) are identified; both the seventh window (37) and the eighth window (38) form a corresponding rectangular opening.
[0094] Therefore, a fourth folding strip (64) is defined in the central sector (3), between the third group (79) and the fourth group (80), which has a length, measured perpendicular to the direction of development, which is equal to the width of the central sector (3) and a width, measured parallel to the direction of development, which is equal to the width of the seventh window (37) and the eighth window (38); this folding strip (64) is interposed between the third group (79) and the fourth group (80), and represents an incision line equivalent to the third group (79), which rotates in relation to the fourth group (80) (figures 15, 16), when the second overlap group (18) is folded against the fourth flank (44) and the second part on the upper side of the object (9). The third group (79) rotates easily in relation to the fourth group (80), as the fourth fold strip (64) separates the third group (79) from the fourth group (80) is formed by a single layer of cardboard, differently to the third group (79) and the fourth group (10), which instead each have at least two layers of cardboard.
[0095] To form the seventh cut (27) (which can have the same shape as the seventh window (37)), the first cutting means comprise a seventh scissor (97) that acts on the first lateral end (6) of the cardboard band (2), which is flanked by the second scissors (92); preferably, in order to form the eighth cut (28) (which can have the same shape as the eighth window (38)), the first cutting means comprise an eighth scissor (98) which acts on the second lateral end (7 ) of the cardboard strip (2) and which is flanked to the fourth scissors (94).
[0096] The seventh scissor (97) and the eighth scissor (98) can have the same characteristics and functionality as the first scissor (91), the second scissor (92), the third scissor (93), the fourth scissor (94 ), the fifth scissors (95) and the sixth scissors (96), discussed above.
[0097] In a device variant, illustrated in figure 18, to form the seventh cut (27) (which can have the same shape as the seventh window (37)) and the eighth cut (28) (which can have the same so that the eighth window (38)), it is possible to use, respectively, the first guillotine (121) and the second guillotine (122).
[0098] The method preferably further comprises the steps of: making a third incision line (13) in the first lateral sector (4) of the band that is parallel to the direction of extension, such that a first portion (101) of the band is identified on the first closing flap (49), between the first incision line (11) and the third incision line (13), and a second portion (102) of the band is identified on the first closing flap (49) , comprised between the third incision line (13) and the free end of the first closing flap (49), the position of the third incision line (13) being chosen in such a way that the extension of the first portion (101) of the band , measured along a direction perpendicular to the development direction, is in relation to the height of a first flank (41) of an object (9) to be packed, which is supported on the central sector (3), between the first closing flap (49) and the second closing flap (50), the first flank (41) being exposed to the first closing tab (49); make a fourth incision line (14) in the second lateral sector (5) of the band, which is parallel to the direction of extension, such that a third portion (103) of the band is identified in the second closing tab (50) comprised between the second incision line (12) and the fourth incision line (14), and a fourth portion of the band (104) is identified on the second closing flap (50) between the fourth incision line (14) and the free end of the second closing flap (50), the position of the fourth incision line (14) being selected in such a way that the extension of the third portion (103) of the band, measured along a direction perpendicular to the direction of extension, it is in relation to height with a second flank (42) of the object (9) to be packed, which is supported on the central sector (3) between the first closing flap (49) and the second closing flap (50), the second flank (42) being exposed towards the second closing flap (50).
[0099] The length of the first portion (101) of the band, measured along a direction perpendicular to the direction of development, is preferably greater than or equal to (preferably equal to) the height of the first flank (41) the object (9) to be packed; the extent of the third portion (103) of the band, measured along a direction perpendicular to the direction of development, is greater than or equal to (preferably equal to) the height of the second flank (42) of the object (9) to be packed.
[0100] When the first closing flap (49) is folded towards the central sector (3) so as to involve the first flank (41) and the third part of the upper side of the object (9) resting on the central sector ( 3), the first portion (101) of the band, which is articulated in relation to the first incision line (11), rotates by an angle (preferably 90 °) in relation to the central sector (3) on which the object (9) is at rest, while the second portion (102) of the band, which is articulated on the third incision line (13), rotates by an angle (preferably 90 °) in relation to the first portion (101) of the band , in order to cover the part of the third upper side of the object (9).
[0101] Therefore, the third incision line (13) facilitates the folding of the first closing flap (49) in order to involve the first flank (41), and the third part of the upper side of the object (9) to be packed , resting on the central sector (3) between the first closing flap (49) and the second closing flap (50).
[0102] When the second closing flap (50) is folded towards the central sector (3) to wrap the second flank (42) and the fourth part of the upper side of the object (9) resting on the central sector (3) , the third portion (103) of the band, which is articulated to the second incision line (12), rotates by an angle (preferably 90 °) in relation to the central sector (3) on which the object (9 ) is at rest, while the fourth portion (104) of the band, which is articulated in the fourth incision line (14), rotates by an angle (preferably 90 °) in relation to the third portion (103) of the band to cover the fourth part of the upper side of the object (9).
[0103] Therefore, the fourth incision line (14) facilitates the folding of the second closing flap (50) to wrap the second flank (42) and the fourth upper part of the object (9) to be packed, which rests over the central sector (3) between the first closing flap (49) and the second closing flap (50).
[0104] The incision means preferably still comprise: a third incision wheel (73) preferably supported by the first axis (70), wherein the third incision wheel (73) can rotate in relation to the axis of the same, in order to make the third incision line (13); a fourth incision wheel (74), preferably supported by the first axis (70), wherein the fourth incision line (74) can rotate in relation to the axis of the same, so as to make the fourth incision line (14) . The first axis (70), the third incision wheel (73) and the fourth incision wheel (74) are arranged in relation to the underlying advancing cardboard band (2), in order to make the third incision line (13) and the fourth incision line (14).
[0105] The incision means may further comprise: a fifth support (85) which is limited to the first axis (70) and which in turn supports the third incision wheel (73); a sixth support (86) which is limited to the first axis (70) and which in turn supports the fourth incision wheel (74).
[0106] The third incision wheel (73) and the fourth incision wheel (74) are preferably chosen by rotating actuators (not shown).
[0107] The position of the third incision line (13) and the fourth incision line (14) can be adjusted according to the dimensions of the object (9) to be packed; for this purpose it is possible to adjust the positions of the third incision wheel (73) and the fourth incision wheel (74) along the first axis (70).
[0108] The fifth support (85) and the sixth support (86) can therefore be able to slide along the first axis (70) (which functions as a sliding guide) so that the third incision wheel ( 73) and the fourth incision wheel (74) can easily transfer along the third incision line (13) and the fourth incision line (14) according to the dimensions of the object (9) to be packed.
[0109] In a case where it is necessary to vary the positions of the third incision line (13) and the fourth incision line (14) in the transition from a first band region (R1) to a second successive band region (R2) (figure 2), the first axis (70), the third incision wheel (73) and the fourth incision wheel (74) can be transferred when the web is stationary.
[0110] The method preferably also comprises the steps of: making a fifth incision line (15) in the first lateral sector (4) of the band that is parallel to the direction of extension, and which is between the first incision line (11 ) and the third incision line (13), such that a fifth portion (105) of the band is identified in the first portion (101) of the band between the first incision line (11) and the fifth incision line ( 15), and a sixth portion (106) of the band is identified in the first portion (101) of the band between the fifth incision line (15) and the third incision line (13), the positions of the third incision line ( 13) and the fifth incision line (15) being selected in such a way that it is, in particular, the extension of the sixth portion (106) of band, measured along a direction perpendicular to the direction of the extension, which is in relation to the height of the first flank (41) of the object (9) to be packed; make a sixth incision line (16) in the second lateral sector (5) of the belt that is parallel to the direction of extension, and between the second incision line (12) and the fourth incision line (14), in such a way that a seventh portion (107) of the band is identified in the third portion (103) of the band between the second incision line (12) and the sixth incision line (16) and an eighth portion (108) of the band is identified in the third portion (103) of band between the sixth incision line (16) and the fourth incision line (14), the positions of the fourth incision line (14) and the sixth incision line (16) being selected accordingly that is, in particular, the extension of the eighth portion (108) of band, measured along a direction perpendicular to the direction of the extension, which is in relation to the height of the second flank (42) of the object (9) to be packed.
[0111] The first closing flap (49) is preferably foldable to surround the first flank (41) and the third part on the upper side of the object (9), which rests on the central sector (3), between the first flap closing (49) and the second closing flap (50), so that: the fifth portion (105) of the articulated band with the first incision line (11) rotates through an angle, preferably 180 °, in order to join the central sector (3); the sixth portion (106) of the band, articulated with the fifth incision line (15), rotates by an angle, preferably 90 °, with respect to the central sector (3) and the fifth portion (105) of the band so as to involve the first flank (41) of the object (9), the second portion (102) of the band, articulated in the third incision line (13), rotates by an angle, preferably 90 °, in relation to the sixth portion (106) of band so as to wrap the third part of the upper side of the object (9) to be wrapped.
[0112] Therefore, the fifth portion (105) of the band overlaps over the central sector (3), providing parallel to it and forming a first reinforced edge (89) (figures 13A, 13B, 14, 15, 16, 17A , 17B), which still protects the object (9), once the packaging has been completed, from accidental impacts and falls.
[0113] The second closing flap (50) is preferably foldable to wrap the second flank (42) and the fourth portion on the upper side of the object (9) resting on the central sector (3), between the first closing flap (49) and the second closing flap (50), so that: the seventh portion (107) of band, articulated with the second incision line (12), rotates by an angle, preferably 180 °, so to join the central sector (3); the eighth portion (108) of the band, articulated on the sixth incision line (16), rotates by an angle, preferably 90 °, with respect to the central sector (3) and the seventh portion (107) of the so as to surround the second flank (42) of the object (9); the fourth portion (104) of the band, articulated in the fourth incision line (14), rotates by an angle, preferably 90 °, in relation to the eighth portion (108) of the band so as to involve the fourth part on the side top of the object (9) to be packed.
[0114] Therefore, the seventh portion (107) of band overlaps over the central sector (3), being parallel to it and forming a second reinforced edge (90) (figures 13A, 13B, 14, 15, 16, 17A, 17B), which still protects the object (9), once the packaging has been completed, from accidental impacts and falls.
[0115] The incision means preferably further comprise a fifth incision wheel (75) supported by the first axis (70), such a fifth incision wheel (75) is rotatable with respect to an axis thereof, such as to make a fifth incision line (15); a sixth incision wheel (76) supported by the first axis (70), such a sixth incision line (76) is rotatable with respect to an axis thereof, such as to make a sixth incision line (16). The first axis (70), the fifth incision wheel (75) and the sixth incision wheel (76) are arranged in relation to the overlapping band of the box (2) advancing to make the fifth incision line (15) and the sixth incision line (16).
[0116] The incision means may further comprise: a seventh support (87) which is limited to the first axis (70) and which in turn supports the fifth incision wheel (75); an eighth support (88) which is limited to the first axis (70) and which in turn supports the sixth incision wheel (76).
[0117] The fifth incision wheel (75) and sixth incision wheel (76) are preferably chosen by rotating actuators (not shown).
[0118] The position of the fifth incision line (15) and the sixth incision line (16) can be adjusted according to the position of the object (9) to be packed; for this purpose, the positions of the fifth incision line (75) and the sixth incision line (76) along the first axis (70) can be adjusted.
[0119] The seventh support (87) and the eighth support (88) may therefore be capable of sliding procedures along the first axis (70) (which functions as a sliding guide) so that the fifth wheel incision (75) and the sixth incision wheel (76) can easily transfer along the first axis (70), allowing adjustment of the positions of the fifth incision line (15) and the sixth incision line (16) according to the dimensions of the object (9) to be packed.
[0120] In a case where the positions of the fifth incision line (15) and the sixth incision line (16) are being varied, moving from a first band region (R1) and a second successive band region ( R2), the first axis (70), the fifth incision wheel (75) and the sixth incision wheel (76) can be transferred when the web is stationary.
[0121] The apparatus (10) may comprise means for applying glue (48) which are arranged in the second cutting means (39), which release two strips of glue (109) on the central sector (3), in the vicinity of the first incision line (11) and the second incision line (12). The two strips of glue (109) conduct the cementation: from the fifth reinforcement flap (55), from the sixth reinforcement flap (56), from the seventh reinforcement flap (57), from the eighth reinforcement flap (58), from the ninth reinforcement flap (59), tenth reinforcement flap (60), eleventh reinforcement flap (99), twelfth reinforcement flap (100), fifth band portion (105) and seventh portion (107 ) bandwidth in the central sector (3).
[0122] The device (10) is part of a system, illustrated in figure 1, for the packaging of objects (9).
[0123] The foregoing has been described as a non-limiting example, and any constructive variants are understood to fall within the protection field of the present technical solution, as claimed below.

权利要求:
Claims (15)
[0001]
1. Method for making boxes (1) for packaging ^ characterized by the fact that it comprises the following steps: feeding a cardboard strip (2) for packaging along an advance direction (A), which is parallel to the direction development of the cardboard band (2); make a first incision line (11) and a second incision line (12) on the cardboard strip (2), such that the first incision line (11) and the second incision line (12) are parallel the direction of development, and the following are identified: a central sector (3) between the first incision line (11) and the second incision line (12); a first lateral sector (4) comprised between the first incision line (11) and a first lateral end (6) of the cardboard strip (2); and a second lateral sector (5) comprised between the second incision line (12) and a second lateral end (7) of the cardboard strip (2), which is opposite the first lateral end (6); identify in the cardboard strip (2) regions of strip (8), which are consecutive to one another; make in the region of each band (8), at least a first cut (21), a second cut (22), a third cut (23) and a fourth cut (24) made in a direction transversal to the direction of development of the band cardboard (2), such that: the first cut (21) and the second cut (22) are made in the first lateral sector (4) and extend to the first incision line (11), in such a way that a first closing flap (49), a first reinforcing flap (51) and a second reinforcing flap (52) are defined in the first side sector (4), the first closing flap (49) being interposed between the first reinforcement flap (51) and the second reinforcement flap (52); the third cut (23) and the fourth cut (24) are made in the second side sector (5) and extend to the second incision line (12), such that a second closing flap (50), a third reinforcement flap (53) and fourth reinforcement flap (54) are defined in the second side sector (5), the second closing flap (50) being interposed between the third reinforcement flap (53) and the fourth flap reinforcement (54); the first closing flap (49) is opposite the second closing flap (50), the first reinforcing ring (51) is opposite the third reinforcing flap (53), the second reinforcing flap (52) is opposite the fourth reinforcement tab (54); cut the cardboard strip (2) transversely, as in order to separate the above-mentioned strip regions (8) from one another, thus obtaining boxes (1) for packaging.
[0002]
2. Method, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it comprises the steps of selective regulation according to the dimensions of the object (9) to be packed: the position of the first incision line (11); the position of the second incision line (12); the extensions of each strip region (8), measured in a direction parallel to the extension direction, and, consequently, the positions in which they cut the cardboard strip (2) transversally to separate the strip regions (8) from each other ; the position of the first cut (21), the second cut (22), the third cut (23) and the fourth cut (24) within each band region (8).
[0003]
Method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it comprises a step or steps of cutting a strip from the edge of the cardboard strip (2), which is located at the first lateral end (6) of the cardboard strip (2) and / or at the second side end (7) of the cardboard strip (2) as a function of the dimensions of the article (9) to be packed.
[0004]
4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that in each band region (8), the following are still performed: a fifth cut (25) made in a direction transversal to the direction of extension the cardboard strip (2), such as for dividing the first reinforcement flap (51) into two parts, that is, a fifth reinforcement flap (55) and a sixth reinforcement flap (56); a sixth cut (26) made in a direction transversal to the direction of extension of the cardboard strip (2), in such a way as to divide the third reinforcement flap (53) into two parts, that is, a seventh reinforcement flap (57) ) and an eighth reinforcement tab (58); the fifth reinforcement flap (55) being opposite the seventh reinforcement flap (57), and the sixth reinforcement flap (56) being opposite to the eighth reinforcement flap (58); the positions of the fifth cut (25) and the sixth cut (26) being selected in such a way that the extensions of the sixth reinforcement flap (56) and the eighth reinforcement flap (58), measured along the extension direction, are in relation to the height of a third flank (43) of an object (9) to be packed, which is supported on the central sector (3), between the first closing flap (49) and the second closing flap (50) , the third flank (43) being exposed for the treatment of the central sector (3) for which, by the first incision line (11) and the second incision line (50), the fifth reinforcement flap (55) is articulated , the sixth reinforcement flap (56), the seventh reinforcement flap (57) and the eighth reinforcement flap (58).
[0005]
5. Method according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the following are still included in each band region (8): a seventh cut (27) made transversely to the direction of extension of the band cardboard (2) in such a way as to divide the second reinforcement flap (52) into two parts, that is, a ninth reinforcement flap (59) and a tenth reinforcement flap (60); an eighth of cut (28) made in a direction transversal to the direction of extension of the cardboard strip (2) in such a way as to divide the fourth reinforcement flap (54) in two parts, that is, an eleventh reinforcement flap ( 99) and a twelfth reinforcement tab (100); the ninth reinforcement flap (59) being opposite the eleventh flap (99) and the tenth reinforcement flap (60) being opposite to the twelfth reinforcement flap (100); the positions of the seventh cut (27) and the eighth cut (28) being selected in such a way that the extensions of the ninth reinforcement flap (59) and the eleventh reinforcement flap (99), measured along the development direction, are in relation to the height of a fourth flank (44) of an article (9) being packaged, which is supported on the central sector (3), between the first closing flap (49) and the second closing flap (50 ), the fourth flank (44) being exposed for the treatment of the central sector (3) for which, by the first incision line (11) and the second incision line (12), the ninth reinforcement flap (59) is articulated ), the tenth reinforcement flap (60), the eleventh reinforcement flap (99) and the twelfth reinforcement flap (100).
[0006]
6. Method, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that it also comprises the steps of: making a third incision line (13) in the first lateral sector (4) of the band that is parallel to the direction of extension, such that a first portion (101) of the band is identified on the first closing tab (49), comprised between the first incision line (11) and the third incision line (13), and a second portion ( 102) of the band is identified in the first closing flap (49), between the third incision line (13) and the free end of the first closing flap (49), the position of the third incision line (13) being chosen such that the extent of the first portion (101) of the band, measured along a direction perpendicular to the development direction, is in relation to the height of a first flank (41) of an object (9) to be packed, which is supported on the central sector (3), between the first closing flap (49) and the second closing flap (50), the first flank (41) being exposed to the first closing flap (49); make a fourth incision line (14) in the second lateral sector (5) of the band, which is parallel to the direction of extension, such that a third portion (103) of the band is identified in the second closing tab (50) comprised between the second incision line (12) and the fourth incision line (14), and a fourth portion of the band (104) is identified on the second closing flap (50) between the fourth incision line (14) and the free end of the second closing flap (50), the position of the fourth incision line (14) being selected in such a way that the extension of the third portion (103) of the band, measured along a direction perpendicular to the direction of extension, it is in relation to height with a second flank (42) of the object (9) to be packed, which is supported on the central sector (3) between the first closing flap (49) and the second closing flap (50), the second flank (42) being exposed towards the second closing flap (50).
[0007]
7. Method, according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that it also comprises the steps of: making a fifth incision line (15) in the first lateral sector (4) of the band that is parallel to the direction of extension, and which is comprised between the first incision line (11) and the third incision line (13), such that a fifth portion (105) of the band is identified in the first portion (101) of the band between the first incision line (11) and the fifth incision line (15), and a sixth portion (106) of the band is identified in the first portion (101) of the band between the fifth incision line (15) and the third incision line (13 ), the positions of the third incision line (13) and the fifth incision line (15) being selected in such a way that it is, in particular, the extension of the sixth portion (106) of band, measured along a perpendicular direction the direction of the extension, which is in relation to the height of the first flank (41) of the object (9) to be emb winged; make a sixth incision line (16) in the second lateral sector (5) of the belt that is parallel to the direction of extension, and between the second incision line (12) and the fourth incision line (14), in such a way that a seventh portion (107) of the band is identified in the third portion (103) of the band between the second incision line (12) and the sixth incision line (16) and an eighth portion (108) of the band is identified in the third portion (103) of band between the sixth incision line (16) and the fourth incision line (14), the positions of the fourth incision line (14) and the sixth incision line (16) being selected accordingly that is, in particular, the extension of the eighth portion (108) of band, measured along a direction perpendicular to the direction of the extension, which is in relation to the height of the second flank (42) of the object (9) to be packed.
[0008]
8. Apparatus (10) for driving the method_ as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7 ± characterized by the fact that it comprises: supply means for feeding a cardboard strip (2) for packaging along a forward direction ( A), which is parallel to the direction of extension of the cardboard strip (2); incision means for making a first incision line (11) and a second incision line (12) on the cardboard strip (2), such that the first incision line (11) and the second incision line ( 12) are parallel to the direction of extension, and the following are identified: a central sector (3) between the first incision line (11) and the second incision line (12); a first lateral sector (4) comprised between the first incision line (11) and a first lateral end (6) of the cardboard strip (2); and a second lateral sector (5) comprised between the second incision line (12) and a second lateral end (7) of the cardboard strip (2), which is opposite the first lateral end (6); identification means for identifying strip regions (8) in the cardboard strip (2) that are consecutive to each other; primary cutting means for making, in each band region (8), at least a first cut (21), a second cut (22), a third cut (23) and a fourth cut (24) made in a transverse direction to the direction of development of the cardboard strip (2), such that: the first cut (21) and the second cut (22) are performed in the first lateral sector (4), and extend to the first incision line (11), such that a first closing flap (49), a first reinforcing flap (51) and a second reinforcing flap (52) are defined in the first side sector (4), the first closing flap ( 49) being interposed between the first reinforcement flap (51) and the second reinforcement flap (52); the third cut (23) and the fourth cut (24) are made in the second lateral sector (5), and extend to the second incision line (12), such that a second closing flap (50), a third reinforcement flap (53) and a fourth reinforcement flap (54) are defined in the second side sector (5), the second closing flap (50) being interposed between the third reinforcement flap (53) and the fourth flap reinforcement (54); the first closing flap (49) is opposite the second closing flap (50), the first reinforcing ring (51) is opposite the third reinforcing flap (53), the second reinforcing flap (52) being opposite to the fourth reinforcement tab (54); secondary cutting means for cutting the cardboard strip (2) transversely, such as for separating the aforementioned strip regions (8) from one another, thus obtaining boxes (1) for packaging.
[0009]
Apparatus (10) according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that the incision means comprise: a first axis (70) disposed above the advancing cardboard strip (2); a first incision wheel (71) supported by the first axis (70), wherein the first incision wheel (71) is rotatable with respect to an axis thereof, such as for making the first incision wheel (11); a second incision wheel (72) supported by the first axis (70), wherein the second incision wheel (72) is rotatable with respect to an axis thereof, such as for making the second incision line (12).
[0010]
10. Apparatus (10), according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the first axis (70) is supported by the frame (67) and is closely and distantly movable in relation to the advancing band, and in which the positions of the the first incision wheel (71) and the second incision wheel (72) are adjustable along the first axis according to the dimensions of the object (9) to be packed.
[0011]
Apparatus (10) according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises a cutting wheel (68, 69) supported by the first axis (70) for cutting an edge strip (46, 47) from cardboard strip (2) according to the dimensions of the object (9) to be packed, the edge strip (46, 47) being located at the first side end (6) of the cardboard strip (2) or at the second side end (7) the cardboard band (2); the position of the cutting wheel (68, 69) being adjustable along the first axis (70) according to the dimensions of the edge strip (46, 47) to be cut.
[0012]
Apparatus (10) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the incision means further comprise: a third incision wheel (73) supported by the first axis (70), such a third incision wheel ( 73) it is rotatable in relation to its axis, such as to make a third incision line (13) in the first lateral sector (4) of the cardboard strip (2); a fourth incision wheel (74) supported by the first axis (70), where the fourth incision wheel (74) is rotatable about its axis in order to make a fourth incision line (14) in the second lateral sector (5) the cardboard band (2); the positions of the third incision wheel (73) and the fourth incision wheel (74) being adjustable along the first axis (70) in order to vary the positions of the third incision line (13) on the first lateral sector respectively ( 4) of the cardboard band (2), and the fourth incision line (14) in the second lateral sector (5) of the cardboard band (2).
[0013]
Apparatus (10) according to claim 12, characterized in that the incision means further comprise: a fifth incision wheel (75) supported by the first axis (70), such a fifth incision wheel (75) it is rotatable in relation to its axis, such as to make a fifth incision line (15) in the first lateral sector (4) of the cardboard strip (2); a sixth incision wheel (76) supported by the first axis (70), such a sixth incision line (76) is rotatable with respect to an axis thereof, such as to make a sixth incision line (16) in the second lateral sector ( 5) the cardboard band (2); the positions of the fifth incision wheel (75) and the sixth incision wheel (76) being adjustable along the first axis (70), such as, respectively, to vary the positions of the fifth incision line (15) in the first sector lateral (4) of the cardboard band (2) and of the sixth incision line (16) in the second lateral sector (5) of the cardboard band (2).
[0014]
Apparatus (10) according to any one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that the first cutting means are arranged downstream of the incision means, and in which the second cutting means (39) are arranged downstream of the first cutting media.
[0015]
Apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that the means for feeding the cardboard strip (2) are means for feeding stages, and in which the first cutting means comprise: a first guillotine (121), which acts vertically on the first lateral sector (4) of each band region (8), in order to make a plurality of cuts (21, 22, 25, 27) in sync with the step of advancing the cardboard band (2), and a second guillotine acting vertically on the second side sector (5) of each band region (8), in order to make a plurality of cuts (23, 24, 25, 28) in sync with the step of advancing the cardboard band (2).

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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WO2014033635A1|2014-03-06|

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CN104718067B|2017-03-29|

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CA2883265A1|2014-03-06|

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EP2890554B1|2016-03-30|

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BR112015004533A2|2017-07-04|

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PT2890554T|2016-07-13|

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PL2890554T3|2016-11-30|

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JP2015530291A|2015-10-15|

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ITBO20120463A1|2014-03-01|

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法律状态:
2018-11-21| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

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2019-10-22| B15K| Others concerning applications: alteration of classification|Free format text: AS CLASSIFICACOES ANTERIORES ERAM: B31B 1/22 , B31B 1/25 , B31B 1/16 , B31B 1/62 , B31B 3/00 , B65D 5/20 , B65D 75/14 Ipc: B65B 11/00 (1968.09), B65B 57/12 (1968.09), B65D 5 |

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2019-10-29| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

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2020-07-28| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2020-09-29| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 28/08/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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IT000463A|ITBO20120463A1|2012-08-31|2012-08-31|METHOD FOR REALIZING CARTONS FOR PACKAGING AND EQUIPMENT THAT ACTIVATE THIS METHOD|

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ITBO2012A000463|2012-08-31|

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PCT/IB2013/058048|WO2014033635A1|2012-08-31|2013-08-28|A method for realising cartons for packing and an apparatus actuating the method|

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